custom怎么读什么意思（英语单词在线中文翻译和来源）

cus*** 英 ['kʌstəm]美 ['kʌstəm]

基本解释

n. 习惯，惯例；风俗；海关，关税；经常光顾；[总称]（经常性的）顾客

adj. （衣服等）定做的，定制的

中文词源

cus*** 习俗，惯例，海关

来自拉丁词consuetus, 来自词根su, 自己的，词源同self, idiom. 即形成自己的习惯。对进口商品惯常性的征收一定的税金或费用并最终形成专门的**机构，词义由惯例引申为海关。

英文词源

cus***

cus***: [12] Cus*** comes ulti**tely from Latin consuēscere, a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix com- and suēscere ‘become accus***ed’. This in turn was derived from suī, the genitive singular of the reflexive pronoun suus ‘oneself’; the notion underlying its for**tion was therefore ‘that which is one’s own’, a se**ntic element echoed in Greek ethos ‘cus***, usage, trait’, which was based ulti**tely on Indo-European *swe- ‘oneself’.

From consuēscere was formed the Latin noun consuētūdō ‘being accus***ed’ (source of the English legal noun consuetude ‘cus***’ [14]). This passed into early Old French as *costudne, which developed via *costumne to cus***e, the form borrowed into Mile English (English costume c**e from the s**e ulti**te source, but via Italian costume).

The word’s original sense, ‘habitual practice’, developed various secondary associations, including ‘cus***ary tax’ (whence cus***s duties) and ‘cus***ary business patronage’ (whence cus***er). The derivative accus*** [15] was borrowed from Anglo-Nor**n acustumer.
=> accus***, costume

cus*** (n.)

c. 1200, "habitual practice," from Old French costume "cus***, habit, practice; clothes, dress" (12c., Modern French coutume), from Vulgar Latin *consuetumen, from Latin consuetudinem (nominative consuetudo) "habit, usage, way, practice, tradition, f**iliarity," from consuetus, past participle of consuescere "accus***," from com-, intensive prefix (see com-), + suescere "become used to, accus*** oneself," related to sui, genitive of suus "oneself," from PIE *swe- "oneself" (see idiom). Replaced Old English þeaw. Sense of a "regular" toll or tax on goods is early 14c. The native word here is toll.

cus*** (adj.)

"**de to measure or order," c. 1830, from cus*** (n.).

双语例句

1. It was his invariable cus*** to have one whisky before his supper.

晚饭前来杯威士忌，这是他一直以来的习惯。

2. Furniture can also be cus***-**de to suit your own requirements.

你也可以按照自己的要求定制家具。

3. The **rried women of Shit**achi **intained the cus*** of blackening their teeth.

下町的已婚女性还保留着把牙齿涂黑的习俗。

4. This cus*** was still current in the late 1960s.

这种习俗在20世纪60年代末仍然很普遍。

5. When they conquered Britain, the Ro**ns brought this cus*** with them.

古罗马人征服英国的时候也带来了这个风俗。